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Long Long
Time Ago
in Southeast
Asia
TALES FROM BURMA,
CAMBODIA, LAOS,
.
AND VIETNAM
��A
Long Long
Time Ago
in Southeast
Asia
TALES FROM
BURMA, CAMBODIA,
LAOS, AND VIETNAM
�Copyright © 2018 by MinJeong Kim, Allyssa McCabe, Phitsamay Uy.
All rights reserved.
�Table of Contents
Overview of Project ............ . ........... . ........... 5
Lowell, Massachusetts ... . .. . ... . ..... .. ........... . ... . 5
Burma . . .... . .. . ..................................... 7
"The White Elephant" . . . ....... . . . .... . ........... . ..... 8
Cambodia . .... ... ... .. .. ............................ 24
"Don't Open Your Mouth" .... . ........... . .... . ...... . . 25
"Why the Rabbit Doesn't Drink from the Pond" . .. .......... 34
Laos .... . . .. . .. . . .. . ............... . .. . ............ 47
"The Greedy Dog and the Meat" ...... .. .. .. .. . .. . . . .. . .. .48
Viet Nam . ...... . ... . . . ........................... . . 62
"The Golden Starfruit Tree" ...................... . . . . . .. 63
"A Big Pot of Gold" ... . .. . .. . . . .......... . . . .......... 74
Biographies ........................ ... ... . ....... . . . .. 90
�4
�Overview of Project
We are Minjeong Kim, Allyssa McCabe, and Phitsamay Uy, professors
at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, who have long had independent
interests in collecting folktales from diverse cultures. We all teach at the
University of Massachusetts in Lowell, Massachusetts, which is home to
numerous immigrant and refugee communities, including many individuals
from Cambodia, Viet Nam, Burma, and Laos. We noted the lack of reading
materials representative of those cultures and decided to rectify that. We
received a Creative Economy Grant from the University of Massachusetts
President's office to collaborate with the Southeast Asian community-based
organizations in Lowell (Cambodian Mutual Assistance Association, Saydanar, Thong Phamduy & the Vietnamese Language School, Wat Buddhabhavana) to collect folktales from those four community groups. Professional
illustrators and art students from the university illustrated the folktales. This
book is the result of our collective efforts. We would like to express deep
appreciation to all the community members, organization staff, students,
and the President's Office for their support of this project.
Lowell, Massachusetts
Lowell, Massachusetts is a mid-sized city with a population of a little
over 100,000. The Merrimack River joins the Concord River in the city,
and there are many waterfalls, rapids, dams, and canals throughout which
made it desirable for the location of industries dependent on water power as
an energy source. Lowell was founded in the 1820s and named for Francis
Cabot Lowell, a key figure in the Industrial Revolution who secretly studied
textile technology in Great Britain and brought that technology to what became Lowell. In fact, Lowell is known as the cradle of the American Industrial Revolution. In only thirty years, Lowell became the biggest industrial
center of the United States, with a particular focus on textile manufacturing.
5
�Due to its many industries, immigrants to America were attracted by
the possibility of work, which has resulted in a very rich cultural mix in
Lowell. The city has seen many waves of immigrants, successively: Irish
people in the 1840s and 1850s were followed by French Canadians in
the 1860s and 1870s, and then by Greek, Polish, Portuguese, and Jewish
people. In more recent times, immigrants from Southeast Asia have settled
in Lowell, including people from Burma (now known as Myanmar),
Cambodia, Laos, and Viet Nam-the countries whose tales fill this book.
The city is host to many immigrants from South America, including Brazil,
Colombia, and the Dominican Republic. Increasingly the city has attracted
immigrants from various parts of Africa.
Lowell's history as a city of immigrants and refugees has resulted in
a number of community-based organizations that promote celebrations
of cultural arts and traditions from various countries of origin. There are
museum exhibits, statues, and other memorials dedicated to the various
immigrants to Lowell throughout the city. Organizations that provide
direct social services to the Southeast Asian communities include Cambodian Mutual Assistance Association, Lao Family Mutual Association, and
SayDaNar Community Development Center. Faith-based institutions also
play a strong role in Lowell's Southeast Asian communities. For example,
there are four different Buddhist temples in Lowell (one Vietnamese: Chua
Tuong Van Lowell, two Cambodian: Lowell Wat Khmer and The Glory
Buddhist Temple, and one Lao: Watlao Mixayarama of New England).
Saint Patrick Catholic Church provides worship every weekend in five languages: Spanish, Vietnamese, Burmese, Cambodian, and English. Lowell
is home to the second largest population of Cambodian Americans in the
U.S. and is nationally known for its Southeast Asian Water Festival. The
Angkor Dance Troupe is renowned for perfonning traditional Cambodian
arts. Every year, Lowell celebrates the Vietnamese Lunar New Year or Tet
on January/early February and Cambodian, Lao, and Thai New Year on
April 13 - 15th.
6
�ClflNA
Burma
Burma, currently known as Myanmar, is predominantly a
Buddhist country, rich in natural resources. It is considered
one of the most resource rich countries in Asia. Bunn a is
the largest country in Southeast Asia with a total land area
of 676,577 square kilometers. The population is estimated
to be 53 million. There are 135 national groups living in
the country. Geographically, it is located between the two
most populous nations in the world--China and India.
Other neighboring countries are Thailand on the southeast,
Laos on the east, and Bangladesh on the west.
7
�The White Elephant
oocS§1lGCY.:Y5
A folktale from Burma
§+'1?~='{)~(98
A long, long time ago, there was a lonely man in a village in
Burma. He had no parents, no family , no relatives. He was so poor
he had nothing to eat. He had to find a job. So he went to work for
the king as a servant. He had to work very hard as a servant. He had
to do everything the king asked him to do . He never refused. He
never had a chance to refuse . Whatever the king asked, he had to do .
�One day, the king heard that somewhere in the jungle a white elephant had
appeared. "A white elephant is very rare and special in our country," the king
said. The king said to the lonely man, "You must capture this white elephant! I
have given you work. I have given you food . So you have to repay me. When
you come back, you have to come back with the white elephant. If you don ' t
bring me the white elephant, you will die."
'
�The lonely man was very upset because the jungle was very dangerous . But he
could not refuse. He went off to the dangerous jungle. He was so afraid he. could not
even look at things. He just walked with his head down. He did not notice the
monkey. He did not notice the beautiful flowers . He did not notice the ancient ruins .
He just looked down at the dirt.
�I
Boom! He bumped into something big and round and hard . Was
it a tree?
All of a sudden, it was raining .
He,looked up .
�He saw the white elephant. The white elephant was pouring
water on the lonely man.
�The white elephant had a special power. He understood people's feelings. He understood how the
lonely guy felt. The white elephant understood that
the lonely man was in trouble.
The lonely man was crying and weeping and he told
the white elephant, "I'm so afraid of you, but I have
no choice. The king ordered me to capture you, and I
am also afraid of the king. He said that ifl do not
bring you to him, he will kill me. If I do not go back,
I cannot survive in this jungle. I don't want to capture
you. I don't know how to capture you. Can you help
me?"
13
�The white elephant said, "I came to you. Do not be afraid of me. I came here just to
save you . Just follow me ."
So the white elephant took the lonely man into the deep jungle. The white elephant
took him to a very, very, very big Bo tree. They sat under the very, very, very big Bo
tree in the shade. The lonely man leaned on the Bo tree.
�The lonely man saw all kinds of animals there. They played with each
other. They loved each other. They had fun with each other. For a
moment, the lonely man forgot all his troubles . The lonely man was
tired. He fell asleep .
�In his dream, the white elephant appeared and told him , "Just go back to
the king. Tell your king that he will meet me. But he has to do something foi:me first. "
The lonely man went back to the king even though he was afraid the king
would kill him because the white elephant was nowhere to be seen .
�The king was angry and got all his swords and all his knives. The lonely man
apologized to the king and begged him, "Please listen to me before you kill me. I
met the white elephant."
When the king heard that the lonely man had met with the white elephant, his
anger cooled a little bit.
The lonely man continued, "The white elephant wants you to take all your
money and all of your treasure and give it away to the poor people. If you finally
have nothing, you will get what you want. You will get the white elephant. I will
go and get him for you.
"Are you sure?" the king said.
"Yes, I am sure. This is what the white elephant wanted me to tell you."
�I .
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The king desperately wanted the white elephant. So he gave away all
his possessions to the poor. The king told the lonely man , "I did everything that you told me to do. Now it is your turn ." And he said, "Okay .
Yes."
18
�The lonely man went back to the jungle. The white elephant was waiting for
him . The elephant took the lonely guy on his shoulder.
GOOOOONNNNNGGGGG!
The king welcomed the white elephant and introduced him to all the people.
There was loud music to celebrate. People from all around heard the news that
the white elephant lived in the king' s village. Everyone wanted to come and see
the white elephant. A white elephant is very rare and very special ,
All of a sudden, the white elephant told everyone, "My name is not the White
Elephant. My name is not the White King. My name is the Prince of Peace."
�Lots of people came to see the Prince of Peace. Whenever they came, they brought presents. They brought gold
and money and many other treasures. The king became
richer than before.
�One day, the Prince of Peace--the white elephant--called the lonely guy . He told
the lonely guy, "I.have been living in the palace for many, many ~ears now. I'm
getting old now. I have to go back to my place. Back home, everything is ready for
me. You have peace and many riches, so I don't need to stay here anymore. I have
to go back."
The lonely guy told the king that the white elephant wanted to go home. Once
again, the king celebrated the white elephant. Once again, there was loud music.
There was a parade to say goodbye. There was a big feast. While the music was
playing, the white elephant took the lonely guy on his shoulders.
�-·.
They flew away and disappeared. The lonely guy
never worried about food again.
�23
�ClllNA
-\ -
Cambodia
Cambodia is a country in Mainland Southeast Asia. It is tucked
between Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. It is about the size of the State
of Oklahoma. Its capital city is Phnom Penh with a population of about
1.5 million. In 2017, Cambodia's total population was about 16 million. Cambodia is famous for its many magnificent ancient monuments
including Angkor Wat. On its tricolored national flag, Angkor Wat is
proudly displayed with three of the five elegant lotus-shaped towers
symbolizing Mount Meru or the sacred cosmological mountain on
Earth. Most Cambodians speak Khmer, an old language of the Khmer
Empire that lasted from the 9th to 15th century. Cambodians celebrate
many festivals throughout the year; the Khmer New Year is in the middle of April. Most Cambodians observe Buddhism and enshrine it as
the national religion in the country's constitution. In the past 64 years
after gaining independence from France in 1953, Cambodia has gone
through many regime changes that killed millions of its own citizens
and properties. Currently Cambodia is at peace with a king as its head
of state and a prime minister as the country's leader.
24
�Don't Open Your Mouth, a Cambodian folktale
ubi:Jb~1untfl?il!J1M:
(1fp~ SITT Sl§f)
Long ago, the shell of the turtle was smooth, so smooth, smooth as glass.
It did not have cracks like a map. The turtle lived in a pond.
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�One day a couple of ducks came to play and feed themselves in the pond.
The turtle asked these ducks, "Why do you come here?"
The ducks replied, "We come here to collect supplies for the party on the
top of the palm tree ."
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�Then the turtle asked them, "Could I be invited to the party?"
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�The three animals talked about how the turtle could go up to the top of the tree.
28
�One duck got an idea. He picked up a stick with his beak. Another duck
used her beak to hold that stick at the other end. The ducks told the turtle to
bite tl1e stick in tl1e middle so tl1ey could fly him up to the top of the tree. The
ducks lay down the stick to warn the turt] e, "You must not open your mouth
and speak, okay?"
The turtle agreed, "Yes, I will not speak out."
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�Now the ducks grabbed the stick again. The turtle bit the stick in the
middle. The ducks flew up and up almost to the top of the tree. Other ducks
at the top of the tree were amazed to see this turtle coming up to the party.
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30
�All the ducks yelled, "Oh the turtle comes to us. Brother, do come too." The
turtle was so happy . He replied, "Yeah, I'm coming too."
As soon as the turtle opened his mouth to say that he was coming too, he fell
down, down, down.
All the way to the ground.
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�Then he hit a rock that shattered his shell.
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�That is why today the turtle 's shell looks like a jigsaw puzzle.
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The End
OU
Moral of the story: Keep quiet even though you might be very happy or very mad.
Keep quiet. You can succeed by talking, but you can also die by talking.
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�Why the Rabbit Doesn't Drink from the Pond
A folktale from Cambodia
'tlrutmqt~ ru9 Sjl ruasan9nUb
(tU b SITTS t§f )
Once there was a snail who lived in a pond. He lived in the pond with many, many other snails.
The snail heard that there was a rabbit who lived close to the pond. He heard that the rabbit was very
fast. One day that rabbit stooped down to drink the water from the snails' pond. The snail yelled at
the rabbit, "You cannot come and drink the water from my pond! "
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�The rabbit replied, "Hey, I am not bothering you. I have drunk the water from this pond
since I was born. You are a slow, slow, slow crawling animal. You cannot even crawl as far
as I can hop."
35
�The snail got so mad at the rabbit. " You insulted me. How dare you say that I could not
crawl as far as you can hop . We will run a race. We will see who wins."
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The rabbit agreed to race the snail. "What are the rules?" the rabbit said.
The snail said, "I agree not to live in this pond any longer ifl lose this race."
The rabbit said, "I promise that I won't come and drink the water from this pond if I lose
thi s race."
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�The next morning, the snail and the rabbit started the race. The rabbit began to hop all
the way around the pond. The snail stayed in the water. After hopping for a while, the
rabbit didn ' t see any snail running behind him . He yelled, "Hey, Snail, you slow, slow,
slow crawling snail. Where are you?"
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38
�-The rabbit may have been fast, but the snail knew snails were very cunning. The snail knew
that he could never crawl as fast as the rabbit could hop . But he had an idea. He would trick the
rabbit. He got all the snails together and told them to spread out all around the pond. He told
all the snails, "When the rabbit yells at us and says where are you slow, slow, slow crawling
snail, whoever is ahead of the rabbit should say, 'Coo.' That means, 'I'm here. '"
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�All the snails lined up around the edge of the pond. The rabbit looked around. He
didn ' t see any snails. "Oh Snail, you slow, slow, slow crawling snail, where are you
now?"
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�Right in front of the rabbit, a snail said, "Coo, I am here. " The rabbit got mad when he
heard this. He kept running very fast.
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41
�He was almost to the finish line. The rabbit tried again, "Oh Snail, you slow, slow,
slow crawling snail, where are you now?"
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A little snail right in front of him said, "I am here, coo."
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43
�The rabbit knew he lost the race. He lay down right next to the finish line. He knew
that the snail was right there at the finish line before him. The snail won the race.
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44
�I
And ever since they won the race, the snails stayed in the pond. But the rabbit no longer
visits the pond or drinks the water from it. The rabbit drinks dew instead.
mtHfl b~HHULUf!fi ny: g 2jH1.H:fn 8Jb ITT bH tut tutsi qbubtVJ fi i 4t~
g SJ1 UHUJUHntnJtub
g~n9nubt<JJfi
i g SJ1 w~n9n NtsjHf[JtAb i
I
The End
OU
The moral of the story is, ''Don't judge other people the way the rabbit judged the snail. "
Another moral of the st01y is: "A bunch ofsticks cannot be broken. "
(Cambodian proverb from the internet.)
tJ[f§7Sifflu/Jm I g 1 "ifllt1JnljjY~NJIJ!gmy11r.vug~t1JflllfnljjPJIJ r
tJ[f§7Siff!OIJmi l!J 1 "uff. lft1J01dmd§s01li r ( fl/fflNnf§f)
0
45
�46
�ClfINA
Laos
Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. It
is bordered by Burma and China to the northwest, Vietnam
to the east, Cambodia to the southwest and Thailand to the
west and southwest. Rugged mountains, plains, and plateaus make up the 236,800 square kilometers. The Mekong
River flows along the western boundary with Thailand.
Laos, also known as the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is one of the poorest communist states in Asia with a
population of 6.5 million people. It is one of Southeast
Asia's most ethnically diverse countries. One United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) report states that
there are 23 7 ethnic groups; however, only 49 ethnic groups
are officially recognized by the Laos government. The
major languages spoken are Lao and French and the major
religion is Theravada Buddhism. Eighty percent of the Lao
people are farmers.
47
�The Greedy Dog and the Meat
A Folktale from Laos
48
Once there was a dog who traveled from his home . He found a small
piece of meat in the road . The dog was excited, "I'm going to take this
meat! I am going to find a safe place to eat the meat." The dog walked on
with the meat in his mouth . He came upon a bridge. He came to the
middle of the bridge. The sun was shining brightly . He looked in the
water under the bridge.
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"'
,.
I
C,
CIQ,
&,
U
I
C"1
lJtn'>lJC:Jf>~Cl)')1)UC')f>lJQlJ
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?'.i)OJ:::)')0 cc5o.uunSoo')'-i)::2tJ~m,tn'>UBUiBu3nu C~')::EJ')UITTJ')LC')BU'-i)::Jj')
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2'>mfdtJnu~cGB;iufi;~::0D~'>Lf'lgU~JJ')0')C)'1UlJ'>, .uunc30V'>'.")2'>JJ20
2u cc5ow~tJ5f)C)j)')'.")20J.JUn~o~uiuucc5o.uunDcc~'.")CCOC)tjB'.")5'.")JJ'>G,hu2tJ
11B'.")20.
49
�50
He saw another dog reflected in the water, and the dog had a very big
piece of meat in his mouth. He thought to himself, "I am going to get that
big meat. I am going to take it from that other dog." It never occurred to
him that it was his reflection.
�.uui>cmuc5'>m.>'>LC1D~ e->'lu~ucieu?oieJ~2uD'l .uu0~o8oc3eJo'lcc.uuc5'>2e~LC1
ce~.
51
�He dropped his own little piece of meat
and jumped into the water to get the big
piece of meat.
52
�JJunc3e)E)')~C)~1Jtum.uu.u~:?:i!u?uJ'>cc5onn::!oo:59!tJcte~::!tJce'>C1e1J
qu?uie)~?uu'>uu.
�Oh dear! The dog looked for the meat but there was no piece of meat in the
water. He did not think about the fact that he could not swim . Not only did
he lose his little piece of meat, he also could not swim . He did not know
what to do . His greed had pushed him to want more. He began to feel sorry
for himself He did not know how he was going to cross the river.
54
�w59~yseoD'liJUi>~enm'lci_?>u9u?oimfuywu. cc~::n0f)oc5vo'>C11Jrn90tj'l9
~BE>U'l , GBUQUi>c:,J, ~BE>U'lr>UCLlU uo1}~::csoccuo?ocu'l::. CW'l l:E)O'lJ.Jbu
J.J'lnE.l'lnM°~ucieu?oimfu. cc:50.1.foi>J'>um~'le> 0~'iil::csoccuo?o~9'iil::~evtu
cJ9~0.
55
�All of a sudden, he saw an alligator swimming towards him! The dog
began to shake in fear. He was afraid the alligator would eat him for a
meal. He thought, I am going to die surely . As the alligator came closer, it
asked, "Hi dog. Do you need some help? Just tell me how I can help ." The
dog felt happy and said, "Yes, I would like for you to help me get to the
other side." The alligator replied "Hop on my back and I will help you
across the river." So the dog hopped on the alligator's back and rode across
the river to the other side. The alligator kept opening his mouth to talk to
the dog and the dog was afraid that the alligator was going to eat him up.
mu? mfu~um~Jocmucc2i ofo ~ c,139:n') :59~e,€.)JJ')tn') .iJu, .iJu:nJ')ucc21 c,Ju
m~')€.ltn9:5um9c~ucw')~J')ucc2,;y~JJ')nu.iJucuue,')m')u. JJu~ochee,€.l,;y~c,')€.l
U() 1}~ ~CU')~, WCC 2C §') JJ')? DCC :JO :n 5e,9 T) ') JJ 0') m..J') C5€.lC ~'l C1e,9 D'l U E1 O'l JJ tjo€.l
cobe,0? ej')j) ?m2e,€.ltjO€.lt))€.l9:nue,nJJ'l.
::JOUm..>'l:nO? -.Ytn~'l€.l m..>'lt9c,e,ucc20') CCDUCC:50 2!3€.>2 ?mc~'JW'l2!3€.l2'JJJ{;''l
mo€.lDLucJ91JuLo0? CC2 :nc3€.lue,n ?mm..>'JO')LO, JJ'l~m:592e,€.lDcc:502e,€)-.y~
t.)')
c~')2')JJLUcJ91Ju.
56
��58
As he approached the riverbank, the dog jumped off the alligator's back
quickly. He was so afraid that he pooped on the alligator's head as he was
getting off.
�wm.>'liu~m59cc2cc5onw'>m.>'>~tJcfi9cJ::ic~5o m.>'lnn::1cK)e>e>n'-v'>nm59cc2U1u
ffi cw'>::.1JuJ'lucc2'.vd1u.1Jutn:}'>e>nc3e>2csJmomocc2.
59
�Moral of the Story: Those who want too
much will end up getting nothing. Don't
poop on those who help you . Show respect
and be thankful.
Ulfl'luc5e9DclluE'l::e1ce1eu?~e1ul.1)9m~'>€)O'>
~')LJU)')€) eJ'lr>~OlJJ~')€) c3€)(J~oimJe€)
bUJJ')j")
C2'ltj0€)C,i'l ct'l0E'J01Ji?::,tfi'oc2'l JJ1J0t)r>C709
60
�61
�CJI JNA
Vietnam
Vietnam is a country in Southeast Asia. Vietnam is well
known for its beaches, rivers, Buddhist pagodas and bustling cities. Vietnam has a long-lasting history documented
over four thousand years. With a total land area of 331,690
square kilometers, it is bordered by China to the north, the
South China Sea to the east and south, the Gulf of Thailand
to the southwest, and Cambodia and Laos to the west. The
population is estimated to be about 92 million, including 54
ethnic groups living in the country.
62
�The Golden Starfruit Tree
Cay Kh~ Vang
7
-
--
Once upon a time, there was a very rich man who lived in a village. When he died, he left
his two sons a huge fortune. The two brothers were entirely different from each other. The
older brother was greedy, while the younger one was very kind . The older brother claimed
the whole fortune and left his younger brother only a starfruit tree.
Thu& xua, c6 mot nguai rit giau s6ng trong Jang. Ong ta qua dai, d~ l~i gia san giau c6 l~i
cho hai nguai con. Hai anh em rit khac bi~t. Nguai anh thi s6ng rit tham lam nhung nguai
em thi l~i hiSn lanh chit phac. Nguai anh chi~m tron gia tai va chi chia cho nguai em mot
cay kh~.
63
�Both brothers got married .
The older brother with his
inheritance had nothing to
worry about. Meanwhile, the
younger brother who only had
the starfruit tree was very
worried . Thus, he took good
care of his tree, hoping that it
would give him a lot of fruit so
that he could make a living by
selling it. The tree grew bigger
and bigger. It had a lot of fruit.
Ca hai anh em dSu c6 v9.
Nguoi anh v6i gia san 16n kh6ng
dn phai lo l~ng gi, nhung nguoi
em thi rAt lo vi chi c6 mot cay
kh~. Vi vay, nguoi em cham s6c
cay kh~ h~t long d@ mong thu
ho:;ich du9c nhiSu khS, ban ki~m
tiSn sinh s6ng. Cay kh~ cang
ngay cang 16n va c6 rAt nhiSu
trai .
64
�When the starfruit was ripe, a raven flew by and stopped in the tree to eat a lot of fruit.
The younger brother was very sad to see this happen every day, but he did not know what
to do.
Khi nhfrng trai kh~ tren cay chin mong, mot con qu~ bay d~n d~u tren cay va an r§.t
nhiSu kh~. Nguoi em r§.t bu6n khi th§.y qu~ ankh~ cua minh m6i ngay, anh kh6ng bi~t
lam gi.
65
�One day, he decided to stand beneath the
tree and talk to the raven : "Raven, please don't
eat my fruit. This fruit tree is my only
fortune" . "Don ' t worry" the raven replied. "I'll
pay you back with gold. Make a 2-yard long
bag. Tomorrow morning, I'll come back and
take you to get the gold. "
Mot horn, nguoi em quySt djnh dung du6i
g6c cay va n6i v6i qul;l: "Qul;l ai , dung an khS
cua ta nfra. :06 la tit ca nhfrng gi ta c6" . Qul;l
tra Io·i: "Dung lo. Qul;l se tra ll;li bing vang.
Anh bl;).n hay may mot cai tui dai ba gang tay.
Cho sang ngay mai, qul;l se tr& ll;li va cha anh
bl;).n dSn ch6 1§.y vang."
�Next morning, the raven came back. He let the younger brother sit on his back and flew
over the sea to an island filled with gold. The younger brother gathered all the gold he could
fit into the bag that he had made. Then he flew back home on the raven ' s back with a lot of
gold. He was very happy . He had become very rich.
Sang horn sau, con qu~ quay tro l~i. Qu~ dS nguai em len lung r6i bay qua biSn d~n mot
hon dao c6 nit nhi~u vang. Nguai em IAy vang b6 d~y vao tui ma anh ta da lam r6i Jen lung
qu~ bay tr6 v~ nha. Anh ta rAt vui mung. Tu d6, nguai em tr6 nen giau c6.
67
�The younger brother invited the older one to come over. The older brother said,
''No, I don ' t want to go to your shabby house". The younger brother kept inviting
his older brother to visit him. "I have something for you, Brother."
Nguai em mai anh t&i nha. Nguai anh n6i , "Khong, tao khong d~n cai nha t6i
tan cua may dau" . Nguai em nai ni mai nguai anh, "Em c6 qua cho anh".
68
�Finally, the older brother gave in. He visited his brother and found to his surprise that
his brother had all sort of riches - a very big house, lots of beautiful furniture, lots of
money.
Cu6i cung ngu&i anh chiSu theo em . Ngu&i anh d~n va r~t ngl;).c nhien khi th~y SIJ giau
c6 cua ngum em - ng6i nha to n~mg, nhiSu d6 dl;).C dep de trong nha, c6 r~t nhiSu ti Sn.
69
�"How did you get all these riches, Brother?" the older one asked. The younger
brother told him about the starfruit tree, and the raven and the trip to the island
filled with gold. The older brother offered to trade all his fortune for the starfruit
tree. The kind brother gladly accepted the offer.
The raven came as usual and ate a lot of starfruit. The older brother spoke to the
raven the same words as his younger brother did. He received the same answer
from the raven . But he was so greedy that he made a much larger bag instead of a
2-yard long bag.
The next day, the raven came to take him to the island of gold. After he filled
the bag with gold, he put the gold into all of his pockets, too. Then, he climbed
onto the raven ' s back to go home.
But the load was so heavy that when they flew over the sea, the raven tilted his
tired wings. "Let go! Let go of the gold! " the raven screamed. But the older
brother didn ' t want to let go of the gold. Finally, the raven had to drop him into
the sea.
"Em lam each nao ma tr6 nen giau c6 th~ nay?", nguai anh h6i . Nguai em k~ l.;i,i
cau chuyen cay kh~ va con qu.;i, cung chuy~n di d~n dao c6 d~y vang. Nguai anh
tham lam d~ nghi d6i h~t tai san cua anh tad~ lfty cay kh~ cua nguai em. Nguai
em t6t b1,mg chftp nhan laid~ nghi .
Qu.;i, bay d~n nhu thuang le va an rftt nhi~u kh~. Nguai anh n6i voi qu.;i, nhung
lai nguai em da n6i va cling nhan duqc cung mot cau tra lai tu qu.;i,. Nhung nguai
anh rftt tham lam. Anh ta lam chi~c tui to gftp d6i chi~c tui dai ba gang d~ dµng
vang.
Ngay horn sau, qu.;i, d~n d6n nguai anh va ch6 anh ta bay d~n dao d~ lfty vang.
Nguai anh lfty vang d~y bao. Anh ta l.;i,i lfty vang v6 vao cac tui qu~n ao. Sau d6,
anh ta leo len lung qu.;i, d~ tr6 v~ nha.
Nhung khi bay qua bi~n, anh ta va tftt ca s6 vang tr6· thanh qua n~ng cho qu.;i,.
"Vut di! Vut vang di! ", qu.;i, la to. N hung nguai anh tham lam kh6ng chiu b6 vang
xu6ng bi ~n. Con qu.;i, danh phai b6 anh ta xu6ng bi~n .
70
�V
0
•
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71
�Back at home, the younger brother waited for the older one for a very long time.
"Why is it taking so long for my brother to come back?"
The next day, the younger brother met the raven and asked where his brother was. The
raven told him that the older brother wouldn ' t let go of the gold and fell into the sea
because it was too heavy .
T~i nha, nguai em cha d .t lau, "T~i sao anh di !au r6i v~n chua v~?'' Ngay horn sau,
nguai em g~p con qu~ va h6i nguai anh dau . Con qu~ n6i ding nguai anh da khong chiu
vt'.rt b6 bot vang nen da rai xu6ng vi vang qua n~ng.
72
�- -~
Moral of the story: When you grab all things, you lose everything.
Bai hoc Juan ly : Khi b~n mu6n l~y t~t ca moi thu, b~n se m~t hSt.
73
�A Big Pot of Gold, a Vietnamese folktale
Cai Chum Vang, Chuy~n C6 Tich Vi~t Nam
Long ago, a man and his wife lived in the countryside.
They were very poor but they had good hearts.
Ngay xua, c6 hai vq ch6ng s6ng 6 mi~n que. Ho r~t
ngheo nhung c6 mot t~m long t6t.
74
��Everyday, the man went to the field , where they grew a
paddy of rice. One day, when he was plowing the soil, he
found a big pot of gold. He put it back in the soil.
M6i ngay, nguai ch6ng di ra d6ng, nai ho tr6ng lua.
Mot ngay no, khi anh ta dang di cay, anh ta tim duqc mot
chum vang 16n. Anh ta l~i ch6n cai chum vang xu6ng d§.t.
76
��When he came home, he told his wife that he found a big
pot of gold in the paddy.
"Where is it?" the wife asked. "If somebody finds it, they
wi II take it."
In a cairn voice, the man replied, " If it belongs to us, it will
be there. If somebody else finds it and takes it, it belongs to
them . If it is a gift from God, it will find its way to us."
Khi vS dSn nha, anh ta kS cho nguai vq nghe anh ta da tirn
duqc mot cai churn vang Ion 6 ngoai d6ng.
"N6 dau r6i ?" nguai V(J hoi . "NSu c6 ai tirn thfry, hose lfry
rnftt."
V 6i giong tr~rn tfoh, nguai chBng tra lai, "NSu n6 la cua ta,
n6 se con d6. NSu nguai khac tirn duqc va lfry di , thi n6 la cua
nguai fry . NSu n6 la cua Trai cho, n6 setµ tirn duang vs voi
rninh ."
78
��I
Hiding nearby, a thief overheard this conversation. The
thief went to the field , found the pot, and took it home.
But when the thief opened the Ii d, he found ... a big pot of
snakes I He put the lid back on it and took it away as fast as he
could.
Mot ke trom dang n§.p g~n d6 nghe duo-c cau chuy~n. Ke
trom di ra d6ng tim dUQ'C cai chum r6i dem v€ nha cua h~n .
Nhung khi ke trom m& n~p ra, h~n th§.y ... mot chum toan la
r~n! H~n day n~p l~i va mang chum di that nhanh .
80
��Next day, the man couldn ' t find the pot of gold in his paddy .
He told his wife, "Somebody must have taken it. I couldn ' t
find it. But if someone else has taken that gold, it is okay too,"
he said very calmly .
Ngay horn sau, nguai ch6ng khong th§.y chum vang ngoai
d6ng. Anh ta n6i voi V(J, " C6 nguai da 1§.y n6 r6i . Toi khong
th§.y nfra. Nhung nSu ai da 1§.y s6 vang d6, thi ci:ing duqc," anh
ta n6i voi mot giong rit binh tinh.
82
��The thief heard this conversation too. He thought, "That
man must be a blind person . Or a crazy man . That pot only
had snakes, no gold in it. I will bring this pot of snakes to his
home so the snakes will bite him ."
The thief put the pot in front of the yard that belonged to the
man and his wife.
Ke trom cling nghe dUQ'C. Hin nghi, " Th~ng nay phai la
th~ng mu . Ho~c la th~ng khung. Cai chum d6 toan la rin chu
kh6ng c6 vang. Tao se mang cai chum rin d~n nha cho n6 dn
may. "
Ke trom ben d~t cai chum truac san nha cua hai VO' ch6ng
kia.
84
��Next day, the man found the pot. He opened the lid
and ... he found gold inside! He was very happy .
The man told his wife what he found . "I told you . If it was
a gift from God, it would find its way home to us ."
ma
Ngay k~ d6, nguoi ch6ng thiy cai chum . Anh ta
nip ra
va thiy vang 6 ben trongl Anh ta rit vui mung.
Nguoi ch6ng kS cho V(J nghe. "Toi da bao. N~u n6 la cua
Troi cho, n6 tlJ bo v~ nha minh ma."
86
��The man and his wife became rich, and they helped other
poor people.
Moral of the story : If you are a good person ,
you will have good outcomes.
Hai V(! ch6ng trO' nen giau c6, va ho giup da nhfrng nguai
ngheo khac.
Luan ly cua cau truy~n: NSu b~n la nguai t6t,
nhfrng diSu t6t d~p se dSn v6i b~n.
88
��Biographies
Researchers
MinJeong Kim, Ph.D., is associate professor in the College of Education at the University
of Massachusetts Lowell (UML). Her research focuses on equity issues in literacy and language education of minority children. She recently conducted research on language and literacy socialization of Southeast Asian American children in classrooms as a research fellow
at the Institute for Asian American Studies at UMass Boston. She has published extensively
on language and literacy learning of children with diverse backgrounds including Asian
American children and children with disabilities.
Allyssa McCabe, Ph.D., is professor of psychology at the University of Massachusetts
Lowell. She got her Ph.D. in psychology from the University of Virginia in 1980 and has
published over a hundred scholarly pieces. She has written scholarly books and articles on
children's narrative development and a trade book for parents called Language Games to
Play with your Child. Among other projects, she has conducted interventions with both parents and teachers to improve children's ability to narrate.
Phitsamay Sycbitkokhong Uy, Ed.D. is associate professor in the College of Education
and co-director of the Center for Asian American Studies at University of Massachusetts
Lowell. Dr. Uy has also worked as a diversity trainer for the Anti-Defamation League, professional development facilitator for school districts, and research and evaluation consultant
for colleges and universities. Her research focuses on Southeast Asian American educational
experiences and family and community engagement. Dr. Uy also serves a board member
of SEARAC, Institute for Asian American Studies at UMass Boston, and the Nisei Student
Relocation Commemorative Fund (NSRCF).
Illustrators
Alicia Eafrati ("The White Elephant") was born in Berlin, New Hampshire where she
attended high school and received her associates degree in fine arts from White Mountains
Community College. She is currently living in Portland Maine, studying illustration and creative writing at Maine College of Art. Her work has a focus in fantasy and wildlife, and she
plans to direct her studies towards children's book illustrations in the future.
Website: aliceissite.wordpress.com
Instagram: alice_is_always
90
�Chrisna Khuon ("Why the Rabbit Doesn't Drink from the Pond") is a recent graduate
from the University of Massachusetts Lowell with a BA in peace and conflict studies and
a minor in English. She is currently a project coordinator at the Center for Asian American
Studies at UMass Lowell. She was about 6 when she first realized her parents had survived
war and genocide. Her mother, Chanthy Khuon, is Cambodian and has spent the last 18 years
sharing her stories w ith Chrisna. These stories have had tremendous influence in how she
sees the world and what she looks for in this world as well.
Kyle McHugh ("A Big Pot of Gold") was born in Cambridge, MA and currently lives in
Billerica, MA. Kyle is currently a senior at University of Massachusetts Lowell majoring in
Fine Arts. His favorite medium is colored pencil because he believes that with colored pencils he can achieve colors that he wouldn't be able to attain through digital imagery. Kyle's
hobbies besides drawing include long walks and gaming.
C.S. Night ("The Golden Starfruit Tree") grew up in the small town of Derry, New Hampshire. Ever since she was young, she wanted to write and illustrate for herself, as well as for
other people. She always had a passion for drawing, enjoying the experimentation of traditional multi-media: ink, paint, pastels, as well as colored pencils. She went to the University
of Southern Maine to strengthen her skills as an artist and writer, utilizing those talents to
bring characters to life by the use of vivid colors.
Website: www.facebook.com/Nightillustrates
Instagram: nigh ti Ilustrates
nightillustrates@gmail.com
Janet Paik ("The Greedy Dog and the Meat") is a rising junior at the School of Visual Arts
as a illustration major. Her parents immigrated from South Korea and she was born in Massachusetts in a very small town. Her interests include dabbling in animation, sculpture, and
painting. She aspires to create her own animated short films. Writing poetry and taking direct
inspiration from the power of spoken word has helped her form the feeling and content of
her work. Since arriving in New York her desire has expanded to become more involved in
supporting feminism, and partaking in activism . She sees herself working in the animation
industry and as a freelance illustrator living in New York.
Instagram: art_ lumpling
Thomas Souphannarath ("Don't Open Your Mouth") graduated at UML Fall 2017 as
a Fine Art major. In his spare time, he enjoys playing computer games, watching animated
shows, and practicing digital art. Some artists he looks up to are Ross Tran and Anthony
Jones. It was a pleasure for him to work on the illustrations for the story, "Don' t Open Your
Mouth." The illustrations are all done digitally on Photoshop. As a man of few words him-
91
�self, he connected to the moral of the story on a personal level. These paintings are innocent
and light-hearted. He hopes to find a job in the video game industry as a concept artist, storyboard artist, or animator.
Ellen Wetmore is a 2017 Massachusetts Cultural Council Fellow in FilmNideo and of the
2017 A.R.T. Artist Grant from the Berkshire Taconic Trust. "Art is the mitigation of an atrocious world." Born in Madison Wisconsin in 1972, and raised in Saginaw, Michigan, Wetmore lives in Groton, Massachusetts and is an Associate Professor of Art at the University of
Massachusetts Lowell.
Anne Sibley O'Brien ("Why the Rabbit Doesn't Drink from the Pond") is a writer and illustrator who has published 36 books for young readers featuring diverse children and cultures, including a picture book about a Cambodian American family, A Path of Stars, which
won the Asian/Pacific American Award for Literature, Honor Book. She also illustrated
Jouanah: A Hmong Cinderella, by Jewell Reinhard Coburn and Tzexa Cherta Lee. Annie was
raised bilingual and bi cultural in South Korea as the daughter of medical missionaries, and
now lives on an island in Maine.
Website: AnneSibleyOBrien.com
92
��ISBN 978-0-36-843775-5
JIUIJ LJJ
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Southeast Asian Folktales Book Project Collection, 2018-2019
Description
An account of the resource
The Southeast Asian Folktales Book Project Collection consists of materials from a collaboration between UMass Lowell faculty members and community-based organizations in the Lowell, Massachusetts, area to collect and publish folktales from four community groups: Burmese, Cambodian, Laotian, and Vietnamese.
The complete collection is available on this site.
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SEADA would like to thank the following individuals for their work in making this collection available online: Monita Chea.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Southeast Asian Folktales Book Project Collection, 2018-2019. UML 24. Center for Lowell History, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA.
Relation
A related resource
The collection finding aid, https://libguides.uml.edu/uml24.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
A Long Long Time Ago in Southeast Asia book, 2018
Subject
The topic of the resource
Folk literature, Southeast Asian
Tales--Southeast Asia
Description
An account of the resource
The "A Long Long Time Ago in Southeast Asia: Tales from Burma, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam" book is a collection of folktales from diverse communities including Burmese, Khmer, Laotian, and Vietnamese. Each folktale is written in English and the language of the originating community. Each folktale is also illustrated. Folktales include "The White Elephant," "Don't Open You Mouth," "Why the Rabbit Doesn't Drink from the Pond," "The Greedy Dog and the Meat," "The Golden Startfuit Tree," and "A Big Pot of Gold."
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Kim, MinJeong
McCabe, Allyssa
Uy, Phitsamay
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Southeast Asian Folktales Book Project Collection
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Massachusetts Lowell
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
UMass Lowell Library makes this material available for private, educational, and research use. It is the responsibility of the user to secure any needed permissions from rightsholders, for uses such as commercial reproductions of copyrighted works. Contact host institution for more information.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
96 p.; 10 x 8 in.; 25.4 x 20.32 cm.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Burmese
Khmer
Lao
Vietnamese
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
uml24_i001
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Lowell, Massachusetts
2010-2019
Books
Burmese
Cambodians
Laotians
Vietnamese